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Micronutrients: Forgotten Energy Source

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The Power of Micronutrients

By definition, a micronutrient is any of the chemical elements required in minute quantities for growth of an organism. This is the most basic definition and understanding of what micronutrients do.  The idea of micronutrients in everyday nutrition often do not come across the mind of most. When it comes to healthy eating, multiple ideas and fads come to mind such as low-carb, no-carb, high fat, liquid fasting, etc. Which, if any, of these approaches works for you? The answer is, you must discover that for yourself. My goal with this article is to provide you with information and ideas on incorporating micronutrients into your daily nutrition.

When most people think of eating healthy, often the micronutrients are forgotten or not thought about at all. We're familiar with the idea of some protein, fats and carbohydrates being better for you than others. For example, eating an Ahi tuna steak is much better for you than a large pork chop or rack of pork ribs. Also, eating low-fat, reduced fat and fat-free foods "may" be a better option than foods containing the full fat. Micronutrients are often a lot more difficult to obtain in adequate amounts through a typical diet and this leaves people deficient in many micronutrients. Remember, they are not required in large amounts, like macronutrients are. Micronutrients are consumed in the milligram and microgram amounts. Nutritional supplements are a good way to close the deficient gap but should not be the only way of obtaining these sources. While taking a pill may be fast, I am sure we all would rather eat a meal that is more satisfying. Let us explore the food options for boosting micronutrient intake and how they can help us.

Let us first focus on the common vitamins we get through a "regular" diet. Now, while I recognize the benefits and advantages of those who choose to live a different lifestyle, such as vegans, pescetarian, paleo, raw, etc., I am referring to a "typical" North American diet. Vitamins are the micronutrients the body needs for various roles throughout the body. Do not confuse vitamins as a direct source of energy. They are not energy boosters. The B-vitamins however aid in chemical reactions. These chemical reactions help the body get calories "ENERGY" from food. Further at the bottom, I have provided a list of the typical micronutrients and their recommended daily values that are easily acquired. Directly below, I will focus on the micronutrients that primarily assist with the metabolism of various nutrients.

Water-soluble vitamins are dissolved in water, not stored in the body and eliminated through the urine. This requires us to replenish our supplies daily. Water-soluble vitamins consist of vitamins (C) ascorbic acid, (B1) thiamin, (B2) riboflavin, (B3) niacin, (B5) pantothenic acid, (B6) pyridoxine, (B7) biotin, (B9) folic acid and (B12) cobalamin. Although these vitamins are easily destroyed and removed form the body as they are water-soluble, taking them in excess can lead to toxicity. 

  1. Vitamin B-1 (Thiamin)
  • Uses: Assists in the metabolism of carbohydrates and amino acids.
  • Sources: Thiamin is commonly found in foods such as fortified cereals and enriched grains such as pasta and rice. Thiamin can also be fund in peas, beans and pork. 

     

  • Advantages and Disadvantages: While there are no known toxicity symptoms associated with Thiamin, there are deficiency risks. Persons who consume large amounts of alcoholic beverages or junk food products, are a high risk of deficiency. Alcohol and junk food does not contain enriched grains and can be associated with weight loss, irritability, nerve damage and muscle waste.

   2.   Vitamin B-2 (Riboflavin)

  • Uses: Assists with the metabolization of fats and carbohydrates.
  • Sources: Dairy products, fortified cereals, enriched grains, mushrooms and liver. 
  • Advantages and Disadvantages: There are no real setbacks with taking excessive amounts of riboflavin, due to the body readily excretion of it. Deficiency is uncommon but may cause issues with those battling alcoholism. 

3.   Vitamin B-3 (Niacin Nicotinamide, Nicotinic Acid)

  • Uses: Assists in the metabolization of fats and carbohydrates. Helps with DNA duplication and repair. Aids in cell differentiation. 
  • Sources: Tuna, chicken, lamb, turkey, shrimp, salmon, sardines, peanuts, brown rice, meats,    fish, fortified cereals and enriched grains. 
  • Advantages and Disadvantages: Large doses of a particular form of niacin can lower LDL cholesterol and raised HDL cholesterol. The downside to consuming too much includes itching, tingling, heat and flushing. 

 4.   Vitamin B-5 (Pantothenic Acid)

  • Uses: Assists in the metabolization of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Helps with keeping skin healthy and the synthesis of coenzyme-A, which breaks down fatty acids. 
  • Sources: Avocado, broccoli, kale, cabbage, legumes, lentils, milk, mushrooms, poultry organ meat such as liver. 
  • Advantages and Disadvantages: In additions to assisting with coenzyme-A and breaking down fatty acids, Vitamin B5 also may reduce stress, build antibodies to fight infections, helps to make red blood cells, improve hair growth and sperm activity. Symptoms of deficiency include fatigue, cramps, hair loss, joint aches, anemia, insomnia and restlessness. 

 5.   Vitamin B-6 (Pyridoxine, Pyridoxamine, Pyridoxal) 

  • Uses: Assists in the metabolization of proteins and carbohydrates. Also supports blood cell and neurotransmitter synthesis. 
  • Sources: Bananas, white potatoes, chickpeas, fortified cereals, beef, poultry and sunflower seeds.
  • Advantages and Disadvantages:Although vitamin B-6 is a water soluble vitamin, taking too much in at once can cause nerve damage. Alcoholism may cause deficiency in this vitamin. Otherwise, deficiency is rare and symptoms include confusion, depression and anemia. 

6.   Vitamin B-7 (Biotin)

  • Uses: Assists in the metallization of fats and carbohydrates. Also helps with the growth of hair and nails and keeps your eyes, liver and nervous system working properly. 
  • Sources: Egg yolks, milk, nuts, legumes, fortified cereals, pork, organ meats such as liver and kidneys. 
  • Advantages and Disadvantages: No known disadvantages for Vitamin B-7 toxicity. Biotin may improve blood sugar for persons with type 2 diabetes. It also may help reduce insulin resistance and nerve damage from type 2 diabetes. Also supports the digestive tract. Deficiency may include fatigue, depression, hair loss, dry skin, scaly rash around the eyes or mouth and dry eyes. 

7.   Vitamin B-9 (Folic Acid)

  • Uses: Assists in DNA synthesis, cell division, amino acid metabolization, and maturation of cells and red blood cells. 
  • Sources: Lentils, dried beans and peas, spinach, broccoli, collard greens, turnip greens, dark green vegetables, okra, asparagus, citrus fruits and juices. 
  • Advantages and Disadvantages: Taking Vitamin B-9 helps reduce folate deficiency. Obtaining folic acid from food sources may aid in the reduction of kidney disease, heart disease and stroke. Taking too much folic acid for long periods of time may cause those with existing heart problems to have a heart attack. More research needs to be done before any strong conclusions can be determined. 

 8.   Vitamin B-12 (Cobalamin) 

  • Uses: Assists in building proteins in the body, red blood cells, and normal functions of the nervous tissues. Vitamin B-12 myelin sheath, the outer coating that protects the nerve fibers. 
  • Sources: Fish, clams, oysters, sardines, salmon, poultry, yogurt, dairy, fortified cereals and fortified soy. 
  • Advantages and Disadvantages: The body can store vitamin B-12 in the liver for up to two years, so this makes being deficient difficult. Those who are deficient may experience megaloblastic anemia. Since it also protects the myelin sheath, a deficiency may expose one to symptoms such as tingling, numbness, cognitive, disorientation and dementia in older persons. 

9.   Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) 

  • Uses: Helps with iron absorption, collagen synthesis, immune function, synthesis of neurotransmitters, DNA, and hormones. Also works against free radicals as an antioxidant and regenerates vitamin E.
  • Sources: Strawberries, rasberries, blueberries, cranberries, cantaloupe, kiwi, mango, papaya, watermelon, pineapple and citrus fruits and juices. 
  • Advantages and Disadvantages: Vitamin C does "NOT" prevent colds. However, taking Vitamin C before a cold virus is introduced into the body may help to shorten the length of the cold and lower the level of the cold. Vitamin C deficiency know as scurvy, and is characterized by bleeding gums, small hemorrhage on the arms and legs, bone pain, fractures and depression. 

Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body for longer period of times than water-soluble vitamins are and can put one at risk of toxicity if consumed in excess. Fat-soluble vitamins are dissolved in lipids and consist of vitamins A, D, E and K. Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver and body fat tissue for long periods of time. When dietary intake is low, these vitamins can be released. Due to the long storage of these vitamins, the possibility of toxicity is high. This is called hypervitaminosis, literally too much vitamin in the body.  

 1.  Vitamin A (Retinol, Retinoic Acid, Provitamin A, Carotenoids) 

  • Uses: Help with bone growth, reproductive and immune health. Essential for healthy vision, especially at night, aids in declining retinal function and healthy skin.
  • Sources: Cantaloupe, mangos, pumpkin, oranges, apricots, carrots, collard greens, spinach, kale, sweet potatoes, broccoli, eggs, mil, fortified cereals and liver.
  • Advantages and Disadvantages: Vitamin A can help reduce muscular degeneration due to age and improve night vision. Excessive amounts of vitamin A can lead to birth defects, liver problems, osteoporosis and central nervous problems. 

 2.   Vitamin D (Cholecalciferol)

  • Uses: Supports bone health and regulates blood calcium. 
  • Sources: The best source for Vitamin D is sunlight. Tuna, cod liver oil in moderation, milk, yogurt, cheese and egg yolks. 
  • Advantages and Disadvantages: If taken in excess, Vitamin D can lead to hypercalcemia which is dangerously high levels of calcium in the blood. This can cause kidney stones and bone loss. Deficiency may result in in affects on the nervous system, heart, lungs, kidneys and blood vessels. Those with adequate amounts of Vitamin D will benefit from the maintenance for their bones and teeth that it provides. For adults older in age or anyone that battles osteoporosis and osteomalacia, Vitamin D will reduce the risk of bone fractures. This is important due to Vitamin D helping with the absorption of calcium and phosphorous. 

 3.   Vitamin E (Tocopherol)

  • Uses: An antioxidant that protects cell membranes against oxidation. It also assists in the formation of red blood cells and the maintenance of vitamin A, K, iron and selenium. 
  • Sources: Vegetable oils, sunflower seeds, wheat germs, nuts, spinach, avocado and whole grains. 
  • Advantages and Disadvantages: Those who cannot absorb dietary fats or have a disorder that does not absorb fats, will not be able to absorb Vitamin E. The protection Vitamin E provides agains oxidation can protect you from things that lead to heart disease, LDL cholesterol and have preventative affects against cancer. Excessive amounts may result in interfering with blood clotting. 

  4.   Vitamin K (Phylloquinone, Menaquinone)

  • Uses: Aids in blood clotting, prevent excessive bleeding and possibly the formation of bones.
  • Sources: Kale, spinach, mustard greens, turnip greens, beet greens, collard greens, green leafy vegetables, parsley, broccoli, asparagus, scallions, brussels sprouts, chili powders and hot spices. 
  • Advantages and Disadvantages: Vitamin K is essential for aiding in the blood clotting from cuts and injuries. Applying it to the skin can aid in the removal of spider veins, bruises, scars, stretch marks and burns. Vitamin K also aids in the healing of skin and reduces bruising and swelling. Those deficient in Vitamin K may experience the inability for their body to clot blood efficiently or at all. 

**Below you can find the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for each of the above micronutrients, along with the RDA for major and trace minerals.**

Micronutrients

Vitamin A 5000 IU 

Vitamin C 60 mg

Vitamin D 400 IU

Vitamin E 30 IU

Vitamin K 80 mcg

Thiamin 1.5 mg

Riboflavin 1.7 mg

Niacin 20 mg

Vitamin B6 2.0 mg

Folate 400 mcg

Vitamin B12 6.0 mcg

Biotin 300 mcg

Pantothenic acid 10 mg

Sodium 2400 mg

Potassium 3500 mg

Calcium 1000 mg

Magnesium 400 mg

Phosphorus 1000 mg

Manganese 2.0 mg

Zinc 15 mg

Copper 2.0 mg

Selenium 70 mcg

Iron 18 mg

Iodine 150 mcg

Chromium 120 mcg

Molybdenum 75 mcg

Chloride 3400 mg

Cholesterol 300 mg

mg = miligram, mc = microgram

IU = International Units

Each of the above named micronutrients have their own role and often aid in the use of other micronutrients. They also aid with the proper function of micronutrients. While individually we may find more use for one over another, it is important to understand that each has is unique purpose and function and should not be willfully ignored. Maintaining a well balanced diet will ensure that you are meeting the daily recommended intake for these micronutrients. 

I hope this article has provided you with plenty of information to help you start and continue your journey into a healthy and well rounded lifestyle. As always, stay fit, train hard, eat for optimal health and performance. Let's Go...




***Always consult a qualified medical professional before beginning any nutritional program or exercise program. The information contained herein is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment in any manner. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding any medical condition. Results of above information may vary. ***

Women's Weight Training for Fat Loss

Let us jump right into this and address the pink elephant in the room. If women lift weights they will become bulky, masculine and lose their feminine figure. There it is folks. Now that we got the BS stereotype out there, let's get to the facts with women and weight training. 

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Women and weight training is not something to be approached with fear, instead you should do your research so you can reap the benefits of building a stronger body, reducing body fat and living a healthy lifestyle. On average, women do not produce enough testosterone for them to build a bulky masculine figure as commonly believed. Below I have five reasons as to why women should incorporate some level of resistance or weight training and the benefits that come along with them. 

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#5 - Lean Muscle = Curves

Contrary to popular belief, women + muscle does not equal bulky muscle. It's more common for women to tighten their figure as they increase lean muscle. The human body have two tissue types that determine our bodies appearance. Lean muscle and body fat. Body fat is soft, loose, does not take particular shape and is hard to manage. Lean muscle is what gives the body shape, curves, lift, tone and the fit look. The preferred choice should be obvious. 

#4 - Muscle Burns Calories

Throughout our daily lives, we unknowingly expend calories. Everyday things such as sitting, standing, blinking, taking the garbage out, etc., all requires a caloric expenditure. The human body requires calories to live and function. Lean muscle has a higher caloric demand than body fat. Having more lean muscle than body fat translates to more daily muscle contractions throughout the day, which means higher calorie outputs. 

#3 - Boost Daily Energy

Weight training requires a lot of energy expenditure and will ultimately fatigue the body. On a good not, this should make for a good night of sleep and recovery. Over time, the body will adapt and will have longer sustained daily energy. After training, the body continues to expend calories at an elevated rate. It all boils down to putting down the energy drinks, coffee, soda drinks and increasing your weight training. 

#2 - Reduce Stress

Weight training is a physical act of exertion that releases the bodies endorphins. These hormones, which are secreted in the nervous system and brain, are what makes us happy. After a tough day at work, school, home, etc., taking your stress out constructively is encouraged. Those who regularly exercise in general tend to manage their stress better than those who do not. Next time your feeling frustrated, angry or stressed, find some weights and hit them hard.

#1 - Efficient for Fat Loss

When it comes to reducing body fat fast, common belief suggest we should ramp up the cardiovascular training. The more efficient and effective approach is to apply resistance training. As mentioned above, lean muscle expends higher calories and the body expends calories long after the training ends. Consider training large or multiple muscle groups within one workout. The more muscles engaged, the higher the caloric expenditure. Cardiovascular has its place in any training program but resistance training is hands down the more efficient approach for fat loss. 

 

**FREE CIRCUIT WORKOUT BELOW**

This program is designed for those on the beginning level of fitness to those on the most advanced levels. Remember, you get out what you put in. With this program, you will be required to continue moving from start to end. This elevates your heart rate, forces increased oxygen intake and keeps stress on the body. Look over each exercise so that you’re familiar with the proper way to execute each exercise. This will allow for smooth transitions and minimize recovery. Also get the necessary equipment before starting the program. Dumbbells, kettle bells or resistance bands should suffice. 

Warm-Up              

Stretch all muscle groups

Circuit 1                 

Goblet Squats (using dumbbell)                             1min

Mountain Climbers/Glute Bridge                           15sec/15sec (TWO SETS)

Dumbbell Swing                                                     1min

T-Push-Ups                                                         30sec 

Circuit 2

Squat Jumps                                                           15sec

Curl and Press                                                        15sec

Side-to-Side Hops                                              15secs

Cross Knee Tucks                                                  15secs

Circuit 3

Split Stance Single Arm Row                            15sec (Each Arm for TWO SETS)

Push-up/ Row/Glute Raise Hybrid                    1min (Using Dumbbells)

Russian Twist                                                    1min (May use dumbbell or kettle bell)

*After completing Circuit 3 and only after completing Circuit 3, take a 2min or less to rest and hydrate then start over at Circuit 1. This routine is to be done for a total of THREE times.*

**After completing Circuit 3 for the final time, end with TWO MINUTES OF JOGGING IN PLACE. 

***Always consult a qualified medical professional before beginning any nutritional program or exercise program. The information contained herein is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment in any manner. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding any medical condition. ***

Check out these videos:

Listen for the CLANG. How to check your technique with one simple step. Working up to 315lbs for 20 reps. The main objective on this one is checking technique by using the CLANG. Check it out, like, subscribe and share.

Habideen Olaniran Squating 500 Pounds on Labor Day

5 Tips To Keep The Fat Off

When it comes to losing body fat and keeping it off, one may find themselves trying a variety of things. The latest home or gym challenges to the newly discovered training split. More often than not it is a new supplement and health equipment that promises results. When trying these methods, be sure to look at the fine print. You will find a statement that say's something like, "results not typical" or "results vary with user". The statements will also be accompanied with something like, "with regular diet and exercise". The reason manufactures give these disclaimers is because it is known that regular diet and exercise is the "tried and true" method of achieving the reduction of body fat. The use of their products do not provide any significant body fat reduction on its own. So, if we recognize that regular diet and exercise is the way to go, then why deviate? I have provided five tips that will help jump start the fat loss and keep it off. 

#5 - Cut The Crap

     When most people choose to change their nutritional habits for the better, they typically go from bad to worse without knowing so. Often I see people incorporate products that are stripped of nutrients at the sake of reducing a calories. Phrases such as low fat, reduced fat, fat free, sugar free, etc., should all be warning signs in most instances. We know fats and sugars are often the sources of flavor, so if they are cut out then flavor is usually added by a manmade substance. Cut The Crap. Drop these products and pick up the freshly grown, non-frozen foods. Eating real, freshly grown foods will provide your body with a large boost of sustainable energy and increase your metabolism to help with body fat loss. 

#4 - Stop Skipping Breakfast

     After a good night of sleep, our body is getting set to "turn on" to start the day. While asleep, the bodies caloric demand drops, but does not stop as many may think. Muscle tissue repair, cell duplication, nutrient transport, etc., is all occurring while we sleep. When we wake up, it's time to file the machine. I recommend starting your day with a light meal. We don't want to burden our metabolism and digestive system with a large, heavy meal right away. Fresh fruits and oats is the route I highly recommend. Micronutrient rich foods that are light will keep the body awake and not crashing within a few hours after eating. Oats accompanied with something such as grape fruit, strawberries, mixed berries or a banana is metabolic friendly and key to body fat loss. 

#3 - Eat Heavy at Lunch, Not at Dinner

     Eating a large lunch is most beneficial for body fat loss. Eating larger meals earlier in the day, after breakfast, instead of later in the evening closer to bed time is another metabolic key. This method allows for the foods to properly digest and empty from the stomach. Typically most people have started their day and have exerted calories while carrying on in their daily lives. This is great because now a caloric expenditure has occurred which is how we want it. Having more calories out than in is best when it comes to developing an optimal approach in reducing body fat. 

#2 - Get Active

     This should go without saying but I will say it. Get Active. Body fat loss has a formula to it and an active lifestyle is a necessary factor. I encourage finding an activity that is fun or grasps your attention the most. Activities such as biking, swimming, skating, rowing, weight training, etc., is all fair game. The next step is to make that activity progressive so you may continue to see progress and be challenged, all while having fun. Physical activity provides many positive benefits which include stress relief and immediate gratification. Elevating your heart rate and putting your muscles, cardiac and skeletal muscles, through stress so they may grow, help reduce body fat, boost metabolism and drop the body fat. 

#1 - Be Consistent

     Consistency is key in all we do in our daily lives. To be successful at work, you must be consistently at your best. To reduce body fat, you must be consistent with your approach. The newest and best techniques are pointless without consistency. Putting in half the effort will get you half the result. Basically, you get out what you put in. Give the methods you choose time to work before you decide it is not working or not for you. Understand we are not on/off switches, so change does not happen instantly. Put trust in the process long enough for it to work. 

     The above techniques are not anything secret, just offend forgotten when people are new to their body fat loss journeys. Take the time to consult with an expert and do your own research from credible sources. Know that what works for your friend or the person your seeking advice from, may not work for you to the same degree. Pick and choose different methods and assemble your own program for your success. Apply the above five tips and watch the body fat come off and stay off.